Free Guide
29 CFR 1904
OSHA Recordkeeping

OSHA 300 Log
Complete Guide

Everything you need to understand OSHA injury and illness recordkeeping under 29 CFR 1904 — what to record, when to record it, and how to avoid the most common citation-generating mistakes.

✓ HMS Nova auto-generates 300, 300A & 301   ✓ OSHA recordability logic built in

Who must keep OSHA records?

Must keep records
Establishments with 11 or more employees
All high-hazard industries (construction, manufacturing, agriculture, utilities)
Healthcare, transportation, and warehousing regardless of size
Partially exempt (still must report fatalities)
Establishments with 10 or fewer employees — partial exemption from routine recordkeeping
Low-hazard industries (retail, service, finance, insurance, real estate)
Note: ALL employers must report fatalities and severe injuries to OSHA

Is the incident OSHA recordable?

Work through these questions in order. If you answer “yes” at any point, the incident is recordable and must be entered on the OSHA 300 Log.

1

Did the incident result in a fatality?

YES:→ Recordable AND must report to OSHA within 8 hours
NO:Continue ↓
2

Did it result in days away from work, restricted work, or job transfer?

YES:→ Recordable
NO:Continue ↓
3

Did it require medical treatment beyond first aid?

YES:→ Recordable
NO:Continue ↓
4

Did it result in loss of consciousness?

YES:→ Recordable
NO:Continue ↓
5

Was a significant diagnosis made by a healthcare professional?

YES:→ Recordable
NO:→ NOT Recordable (first aid only)
OSHA's First Aid List — These treatments do NOT make an incident recordable
Non-prescription medication at non-prescription strength
Tetanus immunizations
Cleaning, flushing, or soaking a wound on the surface of the skin
Wound closures (butterfly bandages, Steri-Strips)
Hot/cold therapy
Non-rigid means of support (elastic bandages, wraps)
Temporary immobilization device while transporting to medical facility
Drilling of fingernail to relieve pressure
Eye patches
Removing splinters or foreign material from areas other than the eye by irrigation or tweezers
Use of finger guards
Massage
Drinking fluids for heat stress relief

Source: OSHA 29 CFR 1904.7(a). Prescription medication use or any treatment not on this list generally triggers recordability.

The three OSHA recordkeeping forms

OSHA 300
Log of Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses

The running log of all recordable incidents throughout the calendar year.

Complete within

Within 7 days of each recordable incident

Key columns/fields

  • Case number
  • Employee name
  • Job title
  • Date of injury/illness
  • Where the event occurred
  • Description of injury/illness
  • Classification (days away, restricted, other)
  • Number of days away / restricted
  • Type of illness (if applicable)
OSHA 300A
Summary of Work-Related Injuries and Illnesses

Annual summary of total recordable cases — must be posted each year.

Complete within

By February 1 each year; posted through April 30

Key columns/fields

  • Total number of cases for each classification
  • Number of days away from work
  • Number of days of restricted work
  • Total number of injuries and illnesses
  • Average number of employees
  • Total hours worked
  • Must be signed by a company executive
OSHA 301
Injury and Illness Incident Report

Detailed account of each individual recordable incident.

Complete within

Within 7 days of each recordable incident

Key columns/fields

  • Employee information
  • Healthcare provider information
  • Detailed description of the incident
  • What the employee was doing just before the incident
  • What happened (how injury occurred)
  • What object or substance directly harmed the employee
  • Date and time of injury
  • Days away / restricted work

Critical deadlines — don't miss these

Within 8 hours
29 CFR 1904.39

Work-related fatality

Call OSHA at 1-800-321-OSHA or contact the nearest OSHA Area Office

Within 24 hours
29 CFR 1904.39

In-patient hospitalization, amputation, or loss of an eye

Call OSHA at 1-800-321-OSHA or contact the nearest OSHA Area Office

7 calendar days
29 CFR 1904.29

OSHA recordable incident determination

Record the incident on the OSHA 300 Log within 7 days of receiving information

February 1
29 CFR 1904.32

Annual posting deadline

Post the OSHA 300A Annual Summary in a visible location in each establishment

April 30
29 CFR 1904.32

End of annual posting period

OSHA 300A must remain posted from February 1 through April 30

5 years
29 CFR 1904.33

Record retention requirement

Maintain 300, 300A, and 301 records for 5 years following the year they cover

6 most common recordkeeping mistakes

These mistakes generate the most OSHA citations during inspections.

Recording first aid cases

Review OSHA's specific first aid list (29 CFR 1904.7). Only record if treatment went beyond first aid.

Missing the 7-day recording deadline

Enter incidents within 7 calendar days of learning about them. HMS Nova alerts you automatically.

Failing to post the 300A

Post between February 1 and April 30, signed by a company executive. HMS Nova generates it ready-to-print.

Not reporting hospitalization within 24 hours

Any in-patient hospitalization (even overnight observation) must be reported to OSHA within 24 hours.

Counting employee days incorrectly

Count calendar days (not scheduled work days) for days away from work. Do not count day of injury.

Omitting privacy cases

For certain sensitive injuries (sexual assault, mental illness), do not enter the employee name — enter 'Privacy Case' instead.

Never miss an OSHA deadline again

HMS Nova automatically determines recordability, generates all three OSHA forms, and sends you reminders before every deadline. We can also set up your entire recordkeeping system for you — at a fixed low price.